The direct current transmission sends electricity without using alternating current (AC) (AC). In DC transmission, the flow of electricity from the power to the load stays in one direction and never changes. High-voltage DC (HVDC) converters change AC power into DC power and back again. This is how DC power is sent. Ability is altered with the help of electronic parts like thyristors, transistors, and capacitors. The DC power can be sent over long distances using high-voltage DC electric lines, usually insulated cables or overhead lines.
Some Advantages of direct current transmission Over AC
Higher efficiency: Transmission power is more efficient than AC transmission because resistance in the transmission line wastes less power. This is because the resistance of the conductor stays the same no matter which way electricity flows through it. In AC transmission, the direction of the current flow changes from time to time, which can cause resistance to losing more power.
Better voltage stability: DC transmission is best than AC transmission at keeping the voltage the same over long distances. This is because the voltage decreases in a DC transmission line depending on how far it goes, while the voltage drop in an AC transmission line depends on how far it goes and how often the current flows.
Greater power transmission capacity: DC transmission lines can send more power over a set distance than AC cables of the same size. This is because DC transmission lines lose less power and have more stable voltage.
Easy to control: The power system is easier to manage & regulate than AC transmission because it doesn’t have phase shifts and can be easily manipulated with electronic devices like thyristors.
Improved power quality: DC transmission can aid in improving the electricity being sent because it is less likely to cause voltage changes and power quality problems like harmonics & voltage sags.
Greater flexibility: Converters make it easy to connect DC transmission lines to other DC power lines or to AC transmission lines. This gives you more options for sending electricity to different places.
Greater reliability: In general, direct current transmission is more reliable than AC transmission because it is less sensitive to changes in load and less affected by things like line impedance, line reactance, and power factor.
Enhanced security: Transmission system lines are less likely to be hacked or interfered with than AC transmission lines because they don’t put out electromagnetic fields that could be utilized against them.
Reduced effect on the environment: DC transmission lines are usually smaller and lighter than AC transmission lines. This means that building and maintaining them has less impact on the environment. They also give off less electromagnetic radiation, which is suitable for animals and people.
Reduced environmental impact: It’s important to remember that even though DC transmission has some benefits, it’s not always the best option. AC transmission is still the most common in many parts of the world because generators, motors, and other electrical equipment use it a lot.
Overall, AC transmission is still the most common way to send power from one place to another. However, direct current transmission has some benefits that make it a better choice for some situations. Because it loses less power, is stable and reliable, can be changed, and takes up less space, it is a good choice for sending high-voltage electricity over long distances or connecting power grids.